Why is monitoring thyroid levels important during pregnancy?

Monitoring thyroid levels during pregnancy is crucial because thyroid dysfunction can have significant effects on fetal development. The thyroid hormones are essential for various physiological processes, including fetal brain development and overall growth. An underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism) or an overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism) can lead to complications such as low birth weight, preterm birth, and developmental delays in the fetus.

Normal thyroid function helps regulate metabolism and supports the mother's energy needs during pregnancy. Additionally, the fetal thyroid begins to function around the 12th week of gestation, but until then, the fetus relies on maternal thyroid hormones. Any imbalance in these hormones from the mother can adversely affect the fetus, highlighting the importance of monitoring and addressing thyroid levels to ensure a healthy pregnancy and development of the baby.

While maternal hypertension, calcium levels, and glucose levels are also important aspects of maternal-fetal health, they do not directly relate to the critical role that thyroid hormones play in fetal development.