What is the recommended medication for treating urinary tract infections during pregnancy?

Nitrofurantoin is the recommended medication for treating urinary tract infections (UTIs) during pregnancy, particularly in the first and second trimesters. It is effective against the common pathogens associated with UTIs and has a favorable safety profile for use in pregnant women. Nitrofurantoin works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis and is well-tolerated, which makes it a first-line choice in many instances.

Amoxicillin is also commonly used for UTIs, but nitrofurantoin is often preferred due to its specific effectiveness and safety during the pregnancy period. While ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim may be effective against UTIs, they are generally not recommended during pregnancy. Ciprofloxacin belongs to the fluoroquinolone class and has potential risks to the fetus, while trimethoprim is associated with potential fetal malformations, particularly in the first trimester, due to its effects on folate metabolism.

Thus, nitrofurantoin stands out as the most suitable option, balancing efficacy and safety for both the mother and the developing fetus.