What is the primary function of receptors in drug action?

The primary function of receptors in drug action is to allow drugs to bind and elicit a biological response. Receptors are specific proteins located on the surface of cells or within cells that interact with drugs and other signaling molecules. When a drug binds to its corresponding receptor, it triggers a series of cellular reactions that lead to a desired therapeutic effect or biological response. This interaction is fundamental to how medications work in the body, influencing processes such as hormonal responses, neurotransmission, and immune reactions.

Receptors are crucial in determining the efficacy and selectivity of a drug, as each receptor type is associated with specific physiological functions. Their ability to recognize and exclusively bind to particular drugs contributes significantly to the mechanisms of action for many medications and treatments.