What is the impact of opioids on fetal development?

Opioids can significantly impact fetal development primarily because their use during pregnancy is associated with the risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS). This syndrome occurs when the fetus is exposed to opioids in utero and experiences withdrawal symptoms shortly after birth. The fetus develops dependence on opioids due to maternal use, leading to a range of symptoms in the newborn, including irritability, tremors, feeding difficulties, and respiratory problems.

The other choices present misleading or inaccurate views on the effects of opioids. While some might think that opioids can enhance fetal growth or improve overall fetal health, research has shown that they can have various adverse effects instead. Additionally, the assertion that opioids have no effect on fetal development is incorrect, given the documented risks and potential for withdrawal symptoms in neonates. Thus, option B accurately reflects the serious consequences of opioid exposure during pregnancy.