What does the term "therapeutic index" refer to in pharmacology?

The term "therapeutic index" specifically refers to the ratio between the toxic dose and the therapeutic dose of a drug. This measure is crucial in pharmacology as it provides a quantitative indication of the drug's safety margin. A higher therapeutic index signifies a greater margin between effective and toxic doses, indicating that the drug can be administered with a lower risk of adverse effects. Conversely, a lower therapeutic index suggests that the drug may have a higher potential for toxicity, necessitating careful monitoring and a more precise dosing regimen. Understanding the therapeutic index helps healthcare providers make informed decisions regarding medication management, ensuring efficacy while minimizing risks to the patient.