What adverse effect can occur with prolonged use of corticosteroids in pregnancy?

Prolonged use of corticosteroids during pregnancy is associated with the potential risk of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Corticosteroids can affect fetal growth by influencing placental blood flow and nutrient transfer, which may restrict the developing fetus's ability to grow appropriately. This is particularly concerning in specific clinical situations where corticosteroids are prescribed for the management of chronic conditions, such as asthma or autoimmune disorders.

The impact of corticosteroids on fetal growth is a critical consideration since IUGR can lead to significant complications for the neonate, including low birth weight, increased risk of neonatal morbidity, and long-term developmental issues. Understanding this risk is vital for managing pregnant patients who require corticosteroids, highlighting the need for careful monitoring and consideration of alternative therapies when possible.

While options regarding increased appetite, higher risk of gestational diabetes, and excessive weight gain may also be relevant to corticosteroid use, they are less specific to the long-term implications on fetal growth compared to the risk of IUGR. Thus, recognizing the association between corticosteroids and IUGR is essential in providing safe and effective care in midwifery practice.